Virtual energy

In pilitron physics, virtual energy, imaginary energy or complex energy is a 2D representation of energy. According to the model of complex energy, any object's energy can be defined as:


 * $$E = E_R + E_V i$$

The so-called real energy, $$E_R$$, is conserved - it cannot be created or destroyed. On the other hand, the virtual energy, $$E_V$$, is not conserved, and can be both created and destroyed. However, an object may only carry a very small amount of virtual energy at any given moment.

If an object creates some virtual energy at time 0, then at time $$t$$, the virtual energy has to fit the rule:


 * $$E_V t < h$$

If there is any more virtual energy, it is immediately destroyed.

Metric energy function
A metric energy function, $$\bar{\mu}\left(\kappa, E\right)$$ is any function that takes a property $$\kappa$$, and the energy in a system, $$E$$ and whose value is the total (real + virtual) energy of a system, decided by:


 * $$\bar{\mu}\left(\kappa, E\right) = E \sin\left(\kappa\right) + E \cos\left(\kappa\right)i$$

That property ($$\kappa$$) is then called its reality angle.